Welcome back to yet another article of the Akhil Explains series and I am really glad to know that the Akhil Explains series is really helping you guys to understand the technology in depth. I receive many messages on social media regarding this particular series and many of you appreciated for explaining more about the various aspects of smartphones and other things of the technology. I’m thankful for all those amazing messages because those messages boost me to bring these kinds of content. Well, today let’s deal with the System on Chip which is the crucial factor of smartphones or any other electronic gadgets which we are using in our daily life. The SoC is actually the brain of a device and the same is now available on a variety of devices like smartphones, tablets, wearables, and more. The SoC includes several factors like the CPU, NPU, ISP, and more. So let’s get into the article to check out the complete details of SoC.
What Is an SoC?
The SoC consists of various crucial computing components and all of them are compressed onto one chip, and the SoCs primarily powered smartphones because of their small size and high power efficiency.
It is worth mentioning that SoCs got their wings in the 80s and 90s and the personal computers utilized SoC and mobile phones used SoCs in the 90s and that particular trend is continuing till date.
As I mentioned above, the SoC includes many components and the same actually enables the smartphone brand to save space inside the small devices by the smartphones.
What’s on an SoC?
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
CPU is one of the primary components in the SoC and the basic definition of CPU is the brain as we all learn in our early classes in school in computer classes. The CPU actually handles all the main processing activities that you ask the smartphone just like opening an application and the CPU processes the information via the RAM and cache. Moreover, the CPU is coming with different cores and there are 8 cores as well as 4 cores, and the cores are also classified into power efficiency and performance efficiency cores as well.
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
GPU is another crucial element of the SoC and as the name suggests, the GPU deals with graphics and if you are experiencing the games in its best quality then GPU is behind that.
Image Signal Processing (ISP)
The Image Signal Processing is another important factor on SoC and the same works for your camera department as whenever you capture an image using the camera sensor of the smartphone. As it sends of the digital information then the post-production work starts as the sharpening, brightening, etc and the final image output comes with the power of the Image Signal Processing.
Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
Digital Signal Processors capture real-world signals such as voice, audio, video, temperature, pressure, or position and the same will be digitized and then mathematically manipulate them. DSP is designed for performing mathematical functions like “add”, “subtract”, “multiply” and “divide” very quickly.
Neural Processing Unit (NPU)
It also plays a vital role, as its a microprocessor that specializes in the acceleration of machine learning algorithms, typically by operating on predictive models like artificial neural networks (ANNs) or random forests (RFs). It becomes important because these days applications are dependent on artificial Intelligence and NPU is the backbone of the same.
RAM
The random access memory stores data which requires to be accessed then and there. It is also capable for reading and writing data with great speed than your regular storage, and as soon as data loads into the RAM, the CPU can easily access and recall useful data.
Cache
It is important to get information in a faster manner as the cache is capable to send data to the CPU even faster than RAM. For instance, if you of a particular application several times in a short period. The system will save the cache of that app and the same will be loaded up even quicker.
Signal Modems
Modems are also very important in the SoC and the same converts the electromagnetic signal into a digital signal that your phone understands.
Video Encoder
It is a vital factor of data as the same is behind taking the digital signal and converting the same into an analog (raw electrical) signal. That electrical signal is then converted into light in the display.
So that’s all about the SoC and I would like to recommend you to always purchase a new smartphone or tablet with the latest SoC because it will give you the latest components and the same will offer a better experience.
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